解题样板_阅读理解（六）人物故事类.pptx 27页

多媒体语篇精读课——阅读理解解题样板（六）山东天成书业有限公司 01社会文化类阅读理解解题样板02科技发明类03文学与艺术类04介绍说明类05饮食与健康类06人物故事类07学校生活类08逸闻趣事类09新闻广告类10个人情况和日常活动类11个人情感与人际关系类12生态环保类 阅读理解解题样板（六）人物故事类 01精读语篇[1]Oneday,whenIwasworkingasapsychologistinEngland,anadolescentboyshowedupinmyoffice.ItwasDavid.Hekeptwalkingupanddownrestlessly,hisfacepale,andhishandsshakingslightly.Hisheadteacherhadreferredhimtome.“Thisboyhaslosthisfamily，”hewrote.“Heisunderstandablyverysadandrefusestotalktoothers,andI"mveryworriedabouthim.Canyouhelp？”[2]IlookedatDavidandshowedhimtoachair.HowcouldIhelphim?Thereareproblemspsychologydoesn"thavetheanswerto,andwhichnowordscandescribe.Sometimesthebestthingonecandoistolistenopenlyandsympathetically.[3]Thefirsttwotimeswemet,Daviddidn"tsayaword.Hesatthere,onlylookinguptolookatthechildren"sdrawingsonthewallbehindme.Isuggestedweplayagameofchess.Henodded.AfterthatheplayedchesswithmeeveryWednesdayafternoon—incompletesilenceandwithoutlookingatme.It"snoteasytocheatinchess,butIadmitImadesureDavidwononceortwice. 01精读语篇[4]Usually,hearrivedearlierthanagreed,tookthechessboardandpiecesfromtheshelfandbegansettingthemupbeforeIevengotachancetositdown.Itseemedasifheenjoyedmycompany.Butwhydidheneverlookatme?[5]“Perhapshesimplyneedssomeonetosharehispainwith，”Ithought.“PerhapshesensesthatIrespecthissuffering.”Somemonthslater,whenwewereplayingchess,helookedupatmesuddenly.[6]“It"syourturn，”hesaid.[7]Afterthatday,Davidstartedtalking.Hegotfriendsinschoolandjoinedabicycleclub.Hewrotetomeafewtimes,abouthisbikingwithsomefriends,andabouthisplantogetintouniversity.Nowhehadreallystartedtolivehisownlife.[8]MaybeIgaveDavidsomething.ButIalsolearnedthatone—withoutanywords—canreachouttoanotherperson.Allittakesisahug,ashouldertocryon,afriendlytouch,andanearthatlistens. 题目试做36．Whenhefirstmettheauthor,David________.A．feltalittleexcitedB．walkedenergeticallyC．lookedalittlenervousD．showedupwithhisteacher37．Asapsychologist,theauthor________.A．wasreadytolistentoDavidB．wasskepticalaboutpsychologyC．wasabletodescribeDavid"sproblemD．wassureofhandlingDavid"sproblem38．Davidenjoyedbeingwiththeauthorbecausehe________.A．wantedtoasktheauthorforadviceB．neededtosharesorrowwiththeauthorC．likedthechildren"sdrawingsintheofficeD．beattheauthormanytimesinthechessgame 题目试做39．WhatcanbeinferredaboutDavid?A．Herecoveredaftermonthsoftreatment.B．Helikedbikingbeforehelosthisfamily.C．Hewentintouniversitysoonafterstartingtotalk.D．Hegotfriendsinschoolbeforehemettheauthor.40．WhatmadeDavidchange?A．Histeacher"shelp.B．Theauthor"sfriendship.C．Hisexchangeofletterswiththeauthor.D．Theauthor"ssilentcommunicationwithhim. 02读文样板本文讲述了作者在英国做心理学家时的一段经历。这段经历告诉我们，有时给别人心理帮助不一定需要语言的开导。一.理清文章脉络[1]Oneday,whenIwasworkingasapsychologistinEngland,anadolescentboyshowedupinmyoffice.ItwasDavid.Hekeptwalkingupanddownrestlessly,hisfacepale,andhishandsshakingslightly.Hisheadteacherhadreferredhimtome.“Thisboyhaslosthisfamily，”hewrote.“Heisunderstandablyverysadandrefusestotalktoothers,andI"mveryworriedabouthim.Canyouhelp？”[2]IlookedatDavidandshowedhimtoachair.HowcouldIhelphim?Thereareproblemspsychologydoesn"thavetheanswerto,andwhichnowordscandescribe.Sometimesthebestthingonecandoistolistenopenlyandsympathetically.“我”作为心理学家接诊了因失去家人而拒绝与人交流的大卫。 02读文样板一.理清文章脉络[3]Thefirsttwotimeswemet,Daviddidn"tsayaword.Hesatthere,onlylookinguptolookatthechildren"sdrawingsonthewallbehindme.Isuggestedweplayagameofchess.Henodded.AfterthatheplayedchesswithmeeveryWednesdayafternoon—incompletesilenceandwithoutlookingatme.It"snoteasytocheatinchess,butIadmitImadesureDavidwononceortwice.[4]Usually,hearrivedearlierthanagreed,tookthechessboardandpiecesfromtheshelfandbegansettingthemupbeforeIevengotachancetositdown.Itseemedasifheenjoyedmycompany.Butwhydidheneverlookatme?[5]“Perhapshesimplyneedssomeonetosharehispainwith，”Ithought.“PerhapshesensesthatIrespecthissuffering.”Somemonthslater,whenwewereplayingchess,helookedupatmesuddenly.[6]“It"syourturn，”hesaid.[7]Afterthatday,Davidstartedtalking.Hegotfriendsinschoolandjoinedabicycleclub.Hewrotetomeafewtimes,abouthisbikingwithsomefriends,andabouthisplantogetintouniversity.Nowhehadreallystartedtolivehisownlife.“我”以跟大卫下棋的方式帮他治疗的过程。 02读文样板一.理清文章脉络[8]MaybeIgaveDavidsomething.ButIalsolearnedthatone—withoutanywords—canreachouttoanotherperson.Allittakesisahug,ashouldertocryon,afriendlytouch,andanearthatlistens.“我”的感受。 02读文样板二.破解阅读障碍(一)怎样破解生僻词汇1.psychologistn．心理学家破解方法利用构词法psychology(心理学)＋ist(人)：与心理学有关的人即心理学家psychologist 02读文样板二.破解阅读障碍(一)怎样破解生僻词汇2.adolescentn．青少年adj.青春期的破解方法利用语境猜词法下文提到David还在上学，再结合boy一词，可知David是一个处于青春期的男孩子。 02读文样板二.破解阅读障碍(一)怎样破解生僻词汇3.sympatheticallyadv.富有同情心地破解方法利用构词法sympathy(同情)＋ly(副词后缀)：sympathetically Usually,hearrivedearlierthanagreed,tookthechessboardandpiecesfromtheshelfandbegansettingthemupbeforeIevengotachancetositdown.02读文样板二.破解阅读障碍(二)怎样破解长难句主语谓语一时间状语从句译文：像平常一样，他在约定的时间之前就到了，而且还拿着从架子上取下来的棋盘，我还没找到机会坐下，他就开始摆棋子了。谓语二Usually,hearrivedearlierthanagreed,tookthechessboardandpiecesfromtheshelfandbegansettingthemupbeforeIevengotachancetositdown.Usually,hearrivedearlierthanagreed,tookthechessboardandpiecesfromtheshelfandbegansettingthemupbeforeIevengotachancetositdown.Usually,hearrivedearlierthanagreed,tookthechessboardandpiecesfromtheshelfandbegansettingthemupbeforeIevengotachancetositdown.Usually,hearrivedearlierthanagreed,tookthechessboardandpiecesfromtheshelfandbegansettingthemupbeforeIevengotachancetositdown.谓语三Usually,hearrivedearlierthanagreed,tookthechessboardandpiecesfromtheshelfandbegansettingthemupbeforeIevengotachancetositdown. 03解题样板36.第一次见到作者时，大卫________。信息源选项特征A.感到有点兴奋B.走起路来很有精神C.看上去有点紧张D.和他的老师一块来的[分析]选C根据第一段描述的David与作者见面时的表现“Hekeptwalkingupanddownrestlessly,hisfacepale,andhishandsshakingslightly.”可以判断出，David当时是紧张的。第一段第三句曲解文意第一段第三句曲解文意第一段第三句合理推断第一段第四句曲解文意 03解题样板37.作为心理学家，作者________。信息源选项特征A.准备倾听大卫B.怀疑心理学C.能描述大卫的问题D.有把握处理大卫的问题[分析]选A根据第二段内容，尤其是最后一句“Sometimesthebestthingonecandoistolistenopenlyandsympathetically.”可知，作者已经做好了倾听David的准备。第二段最后一句合理推断第二段第三句曲解文意第二段第二句颠倒是非第二段最后一句曲解文意 03解题样板38.大卫喜欢和作者在一起是因为他________。信息源选项特征A.想征询作者的建议B.需要与作者一起分享痛苦C.喜欢办公室里孩子画的画D.在棋类游戏中多次赢了作者[分析]选B根据第五段作者对David的行为表现的揣测可以判断，David可能只是需要有人默默地与他分享失去亲人的痛苦，无需其他语言上的开导。第二段最后一句混淆视听全文，特别是第五段第一句合理推断第三段第二句混淆视听第三段最后一句曲解文意 03解题样板39.关于大卫我们可以推测出什么？信息源选项特征A.经过几个月的治疗，他恢复了健康。B.失去家人之前他喜欢骑车。C.开始谈心后不久他就去上大学了。D.遇到作者之前，他在学校有好多朋友。[分析]选A根据倒数第二段中的“Afterthatday,Davidstartedtalking.”以及后面关于David生活中各种变化的描述可知，David在数月的治疗后心理方面恢复了健康。故A项正确。最后两段合理推断倒数第二段曲解文意倒数第二段曲解文意倒数第二段曲解文意 03解题样板40.是什么改变了大卫？信息源选项特征A.他老师的帮助。B.作者的友谊。C.他与作者之间的书信交流。D.作者与他无声的交流。[分析]选D本文的大意就是在最后一段出现的。作者先是叙述故事，最后才点明主题：有时“无声的语言”像一个拥抱、一个可以供你哭泣的肩膀、一次友好的触碰、一只可以倾听的耳朵等都有可能触及一个人的内心并改变这个人，使其走出阴影或困境，因此选择D项。第一段曲解文意全文混淆视听倒数第二段混淆视听最后一段合理推断 04阅读积累一.考纲重点词汇复现1.refer...tosb.2.describevt.描述eg.WemustadmitthatabicyclewillstillremainitsimportantroleinChinesepeople"sdailylife.我们必须承认自行车在中国人的日常生活中依然是非常重要的。向某人提起……3.admitv．承认4.companyn．陪伴；做伴eg.Apolicewomanputsomechemicalsonthepieceofpaper,andalineofwordsshowedup.一位女警察在一张纸条上涂上化学药品，一行字迹清晰地显示出来。5.respectv．尊重，尊敬，遵守6.showup出现，如约赶到eg.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend.世界似乎到了末日。7.asif似乎，好像8.reachouttosb.向某人伸出手；帮助某人eg.Shepromisedtorespectourwishes.她保证尊重我们的愿望。9.insistv．坚持，强调10.sensevt.感到eg.Thechurchneedstofindnewwaysofreachingouttoyoungpeople.教会需要寻找新途径来为年轻人提供帮助。eg.Someofusinsistedthatweshouldhaveapartyattheweekend,yetothersinsistedthattheycouldnotsparethetime.我们中有些人坚持要求我们周末聚一聚，可是另外一些人却坚持说他们抽不出空来。eg.Isensedthatshewasnothappyatthemoment.我觉得她此刻并不幸福。 04阅读积累二.文中小语法系动词的省略原句Hekeptwalkingupanddownrestlessly,hisfacepale,andhishandsshakingslightly.点拨本句中hisface和hishands后分别省略了系动词“was”和“were”。省略是为了避免重复，突出新信息和行文连接的一种语法手段。英语省略应坚持只要不损害语法结构或产生歧义能省则省的原则。如果一个句子中前后谓语相同且都是系动词，在不影响句意的情况下，这些系动词可以省略。再如：MaLinisabusdriver,hiswife(is)aconductor.马林是公共汽车司机，他的妻子是售票员。Hisfaceistannedandhishands(are)bigandstrong.他的脸晒得很黑，他的双手大而有力。 Goodbye!