高考英语语法总复习——直接引语和间接引语 12页

ReviewThedirectandindirectspeech直接引语和间接引语 什么是直接引语和间接引语直接引语：直接引述别人的话，用“”。间接引语：转述别人的话，不用“”。（直接引语和间接引语通常出现在宾语从句中）Johnsaid,”Ilikereadingadventurestories.”Johnsaidthathelikedreadingadventurestories. 直接引语变为间接引发生的变化（以直接引语是陈述句为例）时态的变化，人称的变化。指示代词，时间状语，地点状语和个别动词的变化。在直接引语和间接引语互换中，汉语和英语有许多相似之处，所以特别要注意句子的意思，而不是生搬硬套。 Hesaid,”I’mafraidIcan’tfinishthework.”Hesaid(that)hewasafraidhecould’tfinishthework.Shesaid,”Mysisterwashereoneweekago.”Shesaid(that)hersisterhadbeenhereoneweekbefore.Shesaid,”I’llcomeherethisevening.”Shesaid(that)shewouldcomeherethatevening举例说明 变化的特殊情况间接引语时态不变当直接引语是客观真理时当直接引语是具体的过去某年某月某日时当直接引语是过去完成时态当地转述，当天转述Hesaid,“I’llcomeherethismorning.”Hesaidhewouldgotherethatmorning.Hesaidhewillcomeherethismorning. 各种句子种类的直接引语变为间接引语陈述句一般疑问句特殊疑问句祈使句 直接引语为陈述句时用that引导间接引语，that可以省略saytosb.tellsb.Shesaid,”I’llgotheretomorrow.”Shesaidthatshe’llgotherethenextday.Shesaidtome,”IbrokeyourCDplayer.”ShetoldmethatshehadbrokenmyCDplayer. 直接引语为一般疑问句用if或whether引导间接引语用陈述句的语序say变为askHesaid,”IsLucyinterestedinEnglish?”HeaskedifLucywasinterestedinEnglish. 直接引语为特殊疑问句用原来的疑问词引导用陈述句的语序say变为ask“WhatcanIdoforyou?”hesaidtome.Heaskedmewhathecoulddoforme. 直接引语为祈使句ask表示请求:asksb.todosth.asksb.nottodosth.tell表示命令：tellsb.todosth.tellsb.nottodosth. 直接引语为祈使句MrSmithsaidtohisson:Buysomebreadforme.(tellsbtodosth)Buysomebreadforme,please.(asksbtodosth)Don’tbuysomebreadforme.(tellsbnottodosth)Don’tbuysomebreadforme,please.(asksbnottodosth) 直接引语为另一种请求的句子直接引语为：Can/Couldyou…?Will/Wouldyou…?用ask改为间接引语表示请求1.“Canyoulendmetwoyuan?”hesaidtome.HeaskedmeifIcouldlendhimtwoyuan.Heaskedmetolendhimtwoyuan.2.”Wouldyoupleasenotstayuptoolate?”shesaidtome.SheaskedmeifIwouldnotstayuptoolate.Sheaskedmenottostayuptoolate.